Bat

"Bat"

Scenario 1 for relation between "bat" etyma. Here the Coracholan form is derived from proto-corachol-Nahua *tsoi

Scenario 2 for relation between "bat" etyma. Here Coracholan retains the PUA form *patsi

Nahuan

In Nahuan languages there are two basic types of words for "bat". Some are derived from the PSUA root *sopi(tsi), and others are coined as a compound of words for "mouse" (kimichin) with words meaning either "to fly" or "butterfly". Interestingly the words, derived from the PSUA root are also in most cases compounds with the root *na:ka, which appears related to the Corachol word for "mouse" naika (which also appears in the proto-Tepiman root for "bat" *naakamɨri). The compounds of "mouse" + "fly/butterfly" seem a likely calque, as this compound is also found in Ópatan sikur sopits "bat" (lit. "mouse-butterfly").

Forms derived from *sopi(tsi)

Pre-Nahua: *tsoinaika from *tsohi-naika from PSUA *tsópi "bat" + PSUA *naika "mouse"

Tsina:ka (also tsina:kantli from *tsina:ka+mi+tɨ). This form is derived by the /oi/ diphthong leveling to /i/

Tsona:ka derived by leveling the /oi/ diphthong to /o/.

Tsotso derived by reduplicating the root *tso from *tsoi.

Calques of "butterfly/flying mouse"

Kimichpapatla:n from kimichin "mouse" + patla:ni "to fly".

Kimichpapalo:tl from kimichin "mouse" + papalo:tl "butterfly".

Tepiman

*Nakamɨri from PSUA *naika "mouse" (bat?) + mɨri "mouse"

naakmɨlh

Tarahumara-Guarijío-Ópata

PSUA *sópitsi

Sopíchi

So'péchi

Sikur-sopits from Ópatan sikuri "mouse" + Ópatan sopits "butterfly"

Sopi

Cahitan

Sochik

Corachol

'átsi