Night - Revision history

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

2025-06-09T20:50:43Z

Proto-Corachol-Nahuan

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:50, 9 June 2025
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	The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal", most of them based on the Uto-Aztecan roots ''tu''-, ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240), and *''yuppa'' (Stubbs 2011#241).		The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal", most of them based on the Uto-Aztecan roots ''tu''-, ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240), and *''yuppa'' (Stubbs 2011#241).

	==Proto-Corachol-Nahuan==		==Proto-Corachol-Nahuan: tɨri, tɨka, yɨwe/yɨwa==
	For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:		For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:
	:''tɨri'' "charcoal" < ''tuu'' (Stubbs 2011#240c)		:''tɨri'' "charcoal" < ''tuu'' (Stubbs 2011#240c)
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	::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwɨ]]'' "black"		::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwɨ]]'' "black"
	::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"		::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"


	==PSUA==		==PSUA==

Magnus: /* PSUA tuka /

2025-06-09T20:49:19Z

PSUA *tuka

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:49, 9 June 2025
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	::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"		::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"

	==PSUA *tuka==
			==PSUA==
			===*tuka===
	For proto-Tepiman (Bascom 1965#231) reconstructs *''tuʔkaga-i'' "darkness, night", based on Northern Tepehuán ''tukagi'' and Southern Tepehuán ''tuʔkaaʔ''.		For proto-Tepiman (Bascom 1965#231) reconstructs *''tuʔkaga-i'' "darkness, night", based on Northern Tepehuán ''tukagi'' and Southern Tepehuán ''tuʔkaaʔ''.

	For his "Sonoran" group (Lionnet 1985#320) reconstructs ''tuku'' "apagarse" and ''tuka'' "noche, obscuridad"; based on Тepehuán ''tuká-gai''; Ópata ''tuk''-, Еudeve ''túku''-; Yaqui ''tuká-гiа'', Мayo ''tukáа-ri''; Warihío ''túka-wári'', Guarijío ''tugá-o'', Raramuri ''ruká-wari''; Tubar ''tukú-r'', "араgаdо ".		For his "Sonoran" group (Lionnet 1985#320) reconstructs ''tuku'' "apagarse" and ''tuka'' "noche, obscuridad"; based on Тepehuán ''tuká-gai''; Ópata ''tuk''-, Еudeve ''túku''-; Yaqui ''tuká-гiа'', Мayo ''tukáа-ri''; Warihío ''túka-wári'', Guarijío ''tugá-o'', Raramuri ''ruká-wari''; Tubar ''tukú-r'', "араgаdо ".

	Stubbs (2011) reconstruct: 240a. ''tuka / tuku / tuki'' 'fire go out, dark, black, night'; 240c. ''tuhu / tuu (< tuku)''; 242. ''yu’pa > yuppa'' ‘go out (of fire), (get) dark, black’.		Stubbs (2011) reconstruct: 240a. ''tuka / tuku / tuki'' 'fire go out, dark, black, night'; 240c. ''tuhu / tuu (< tuku)'';

			===*yuppa===
			Stubbs (2011#242) reconstructs PUA ''yu’pa > yuppa'' ‘go out (of fire), (get) dark, black’.

			This gave PSUA yuwa/yuwɨ "become dark, fire go out", which is conserved in Corachol-Nahuan as ''yɨwɨ/yɨwa''. We don't understand well when PUA p gives SUA w, but the fact that it seems to come from a geminate pp is suggestive.

	[[Category:English entries]]		[[Category:English entries]]

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

2025-06-09T20:39:25Z

Proto-Corachol-Nahuan

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:39, 9 June 2025
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	For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:		For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:
	:''tɨri'' "charcoal" < ''tuu'' (Stubbs 2011#240c)		:''tɨri'' "charcoal" < ''tuu'' (Stubbs 2011#240c)
	::Nahuatl: ''tli:lli'' "charcoal", ''tli:ltik'' "black", ''tekol/tikol'' "charcoal" < Pre-Nahua *tɨkwari "charcoal".		::Nahuatl: ''tli:lli'' "charcoal", ''tli:ltik'' "black", ''tekol/tikol'' "charcoal" < Pre-Nahua ''tɨkwari'' "charcoal" < PCN tɨri-kwari
	::Náayeri: ''tɨ'ɨskwá''"brasa, carbón" ([[McMahon, Ambrose & Maria Aiton de McMahon. 1959. Vocabulario Cora. México, D.F. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.\|McMahon & McMahon 1959]]) < *''~~tɨɨri~~-kwa''		::Náayeri: ''tɨ'ɨskwá''"brasa, carbón" ([[McMahon, Ambrose & Maria Aiton de McMahon. 1959. Vocabulario Cora. México, D.F. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.\|McMahon & McMahon 1959]]) < *''tɨri-kwa(ri)''

	:''tɨka'' "darkness" < PUA ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240a)		:''tɨka'' "darkness" < PUA ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240a)

Magnus at 20:32, 9 June 2025

2025-06-09T20:32:55Z

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

2025-06-09T20:30:18Z

Proto-Corachol-Nahuan

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:30, 9 June 2025
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	:''yɨwɨ''/''yɨwa'' < PSUA *''yuwa'' "dark, become dark"		:''yɨwɨ''/''yɨwa'' < PSUA *''yuwa'' "dark, become dark"
	::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[~~yɨwe~~]]'' "black"		::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwɨ]]'' "black"
	::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"		::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

2025-06-09T20:29:48Z

Proto-Corachol-Nahuan

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:29, 9 June 2025
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	::Náayeri: ''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.\|Muñiz 2024:97]])		::Náayeri: ''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.\|Muñiz 2024:97]])

	:''yɨwɨ''/''yɨwa' < PSUA *''yuwa'' "dark, become dark"		:''yɨwɨ''/''yɨwa'' < PSUA *''yuwa'' "dark, become dark"
	::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwe]]'' "black"		::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwe]]'' "black"
	::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"		::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"

	==PSUA *tuka==		==PSUA *tuka==

Magnus: /* PSUA tuka /

2025-06-09T20:28:33Z

PSUA *tuka

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:28, 9 June 2025
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	Stubbs (2011) reconstruct: 240a. ''tuka / tuku / tuki'' 'fire go out, dark, black, night'; 240c. ''tuhu / tuu (< tuku)''; 242. ''yu’pa > yuppa'' ‘go out (of fire), (get) dark, black’.		Stubbs (2011) reconstruct: 240a. ''tuka / tuku / tuki'' 'fire go out, dark, black, night'; 240c. ''tuhu / tuu (< tuku)''; 242. ''yu’pa > yuppa'' ‘go out (of fire), (get) dark, black’.




	~~Sapir; VVH23 tuu(ku) 'black'; VVH144 tuski /~~
	tuska 'night'; BH.Cup tuk ‘pass the night’; B.Tep231 tukaga-i 'darkness, night'; B.Tep232 tuku ‘black’;
	~~M67-45 tu, tuhu ‘black’, tuk ‘night’, cuk ‘night’; I.Num228 tuka 'night'; I.Num224 tu(h)u(h) 'black';~~
	~~I.Num230 tuki ‘fire goes out’; L.Son320 tuku, 320b *cuku 'obscurecerse'; Dakin 1982; let’s combine much of~~
	~~M88-tu2 ‘night’, M88-tu3 'black’, M88-tu12 ‘put fire out’, and M88-cu4 ‘black’; KH/M06-tu2 *tuku ‘black, dark,~~
	~~night’ and tu12 ‘fire, to go out’ and KH/M06-tu25 *tuka ‘night’: Mn toqawano 'night-time'; NP tuka ‘extinguish~~
	~~fire’; NP tokano 'night'; NP toka cïpïa 'dark'; TSh tukwanni / tukwawani / tukwanippïh 'night'; Sh tukani ‘night, be~~
	~~dark’; Sh tuki” ‘put out the fire’; Cm tukani ‘evening, night’; Kw tuku 'be dark, be night'; Kw tukwa 'be dark, be~~
	~~night'; Kw tukwa-nu/no 'night'; SP tukwi- ‘fire go out’; SP tukwa- ‘put out the fire, be dark, night’; SP tukwanu~~
	~~‘night’; CU tugwa-na-ti 'night-time'; CU tugwami ‘extinguish’; CU túukwari (<*tuukkwati) ‘black, dark’;~~
	~~Tb tuugït~’uduuk 'be dark/black'; Tb tuugit 'night, the dark'; Cp túkmu-t ‘night’; Cp túke 'pass the night'; Cp túku~~
	~~'yesterday'; Ca túk 'go to bed, stay overnight'; Ca túkmiyat 'night'; Ls túúk 'camp for the night, v’; Ls túúku-mi-t,~~
	~~tuk-va 'night'; Sr tuuk 'night'; Hp tooki ‘last night, to go out (fire)’; Hp tookila 'night-time'; Hp tookiwma ‘for fire to~~
	~~be going out’; Tbr tu-/tukúr/tokúr ‘negro, apagado’. Ken Hill adds WSh tuu” ‘black’; Ch tuga ‘night’;~~
	~~Ch tugarasi’avi ‘big black ant sp’. Relevant to B.Tep232 ‘black’ are TO čuuk 'stop burning or giving out light';~~
	~~LP tuku; PYp tuk; NT túku ‘black’; ST tyuk (Bascom); ST čuk ‘black’; relevant to B.Tep231 ‘night’ are TO čuhug~~
	~~‘night’; LP tuahag; NT tukági; ST tukaa’; TrC forms include Eu čuki 'noche'; Wr tugaó 'noche'; Wr togapá-ni~~
	~~'become dusk'; Tr ŕuká-wa-ri 'noche'; Tr ŕu-/ŕo- ‘be black/dark’; My tukáária 'noche'; Tbr tokú-r; and in CrC (where~~
	*u > ï) is Cr wa-tïka’a 'it's night-time’.
	~~Note the semantics of AYq tuuka ‘yesterday’, Cp túku 'yesterday’, Hp tooki ‘last night, to go out (fire)’,~~
	~~and Ktn tuka / ’atuka ‘at night, last night’ and Ktn tuk ‘yesterday’.~~

	~~Mn tuhutïpi ‘black rock’; NP tu / tuhu ‘black’; Cm tu /tuh / tuhupi 'black'; Kw tuhu-~~
	~~'black'; SP tuu" 'black'; Sh tuu"/tuun 'black'; Sh(M) tuki" 'put out a fire'; Sh(Cr) tukwi"/tui" 'go out (fire)'; Sh(SV)~~
	~~tukwih/tuih 'put out a fire'; Sh(SV) tuu" 'black'; Cm tu/tuh/ tuhupi 'black'; Kw tuhu- 'black'; Ch tuupï ‘black paint’;~~
	~~SP tuu" 'black'; WMU tuu-kwa; CU túu-kwa-rï 'black, dark'; Hp toho 'blackish pigment' may be an early loan from~~
	~~Num tuhu (< tuku), in light of Hp tooki existing as well. Sh’s variant forms—tukwi and tui—above show how~~
	~~easily/quickly an intervocalic -k- can be lost, likely passing through an -h- phase, which is likely for the *tuhu~~
	~~forms: tuku > tuhu > tuu (in some cases). In fact, Shaul (1994, 289) shows in PYp tuhu and redupl PYp tutuk~~
	~~that -h- is intervocalic and that k is found in the same stem, and *-k- > -h- is common in ‘deer’ and elsewhere. Ken~~
	~~Hill lists, but queries whether CN tekol-li 'charcoal' and Pl tekunal ‘live coal’ are cognate; it’s a good question.~~
	~~Could CN tekol-li be a recycled loan from Cah tukuri > tVkol-li? [-k- > -h-, tu > cu]~~
	~~[NUA: Num, Hp, Tb, Tak; SUA: Tep, Trn, Cah, Opn, Tbr, CrC, Azt]~~
	~~241a. tuL 'charcoal, soot, black': BH.Cup túla 'charcoal' {Cp tul; Cp tulnək-ic 'black'; Ca tul; Ca túlek-iš 'black';~~
	~~Ls túúlaa, túú-la}; Munro.Cup21 *túú-la ‘charcoal’ {Ls túú-la; Cp tú-l; Ca tú-ly}; KH.NUA{Sr too-ţ ‘charcoal,~~
	~~coal(s), ember(s)’; Gb tur; Tb tuul; Ls; Cp; Ca}; M67-45 tunu; CL.Azt tiil- 'soot'; M88-tu23 and some of tu3;~~
	~~KH/M06-tu3 *tul and tu23: Cp túla 'get black, get a tan'; Cp túlnine 'make black'; Cp tultúlaxwe 'it is soiled';~~
	~~Sr tïnäänä’n 'be black'; Sr tïnää’q ‘bec, turn black'; Ca túl-nek 'black'; CN tliil-li 'black ink, soot'; Pl tiil 'soot';~~
	~~Pl tiil-tik 'black’. AMR (1996d) and Hill add TO čuuD ‘charcoal’; TO čuuDt ‘make embers of wood, etc.’;~~
	~~TO čuuDagi ‘embers, charcoal’, which works since TO D often aligns with liquids or *L. Not only that, but~~
	~~Ls tu-la rather than tu-l, may suggest tul-ta > tul-la which helped preserve the final -a of -la (*-ta). Munro~~
	~~justifiably separates *-la as an absolutive suffix, but the keeping of the vowel in -la suggests a cluster or an~~
	~~underlying doubled -LL-; thus, like CN tliil-li, an L existed that was absorbed by the absolutive suffix (tul-la >~~
	~~tu-la) to become rather invisible in Tak, but helped preserve final -a. While it may be a fossilized absolutive suffix,~~
	~~the l as second consonant seems at least intermediately justifiable in many Tak compounds, such as *tul-nïk 'black'~~
	~~(Sr, Ca, Cp), Cp tultúlaxwe 'it is soiled’, and in CN tliil-li and Pl. On the other hand, whether the *-la/li was~~
	~~originally absolutive or not, Tr čorí 'cosa negra' and Cah cukuli open the possibility that tul derives from~~
	~~reductions that lost the medial syllable -ku-: tuku(-la/li) > tu’li > *tulV. Sr tïnää’k 'turn black' probably shows a~~
	~~reduction of the cluster apparent in Ca túl-nek and Cp tulnək-ic. Perhaps Ktn tu-č ‘charcoal’.~~
	~~241b. tïLu / taLu ‘eye, black round thing’: Stubbs2000b; Stubbs2003-41: the only UA language not showing~~
	*pusi for eye is Tbr telu- / tilu-r 'eye’, which likely ties to Wr telúla ‘smooth black stone for polishing pottery’. And
	~~they tie to CN tliilloo-tl 'blackness’ and CN(S) tlilloa ‘cubrirse de negro, ponerse color negro’, and the lot of them~~
	~~tie to tuL 'charcoal, soot, black' above, this being the longer original form. Note also UA talu 'egg': Tbr ne-telu-r~~
	~~‘huevo’; Cr ta’u ‘blanquillo, huevo.’ (intervocalic liquids > ’ in Cr). The Tbr form may tie to Tbr telu-t / tilu-t~~
	~~‘eye.’ Note also the Tbr-Azt-CrC tie. [SUA: Tbr] [NUA: Tb, Tak; SUA: Tep, Tbr, Trn, CrC, Azt]~~

	~~: M88-yu27 and yu26 ‘fire go out’; KH.NUA; KH/M06-~~
	~~yu27 and yu26 ‘fire go out’: Cp yúpi-š ‘(paint) brush’; Ca yúpi ‘be overcast (of sky), cloudy, color term base + yúpi~~
	~~= to turn into a colored appearance’; Ls yúúva 'be dark'; Ls yuvá/i ‘bec. black’; Ls yuvá-ta/ti ‘bec. black, vi,~~
	~~blacken, vt’; Ls yúúpa ‘go out (fire), not burn’; Sr yupq ‘go out (fire)’, yupu; Gb yuvívkomok ‘be getting dark’;~~
	~~Gb yupíxa’ ‘black’.~~

	~~Hill adds Wc yïvi / yïïvi 'black' which corresponds perfectly (Wc ï < *ü) and Ls yupáqa/i ‘go~~
	~~out (fire), vi; put out (fire), vt’.~~

	~~Also related are forms under M88-yu26; KH/M-yu26: Ls yúupa 'go out (fire), not~~
	~~burn'; Sr yupk 'go out (of fire)'; Gb yupí 'ahogarse'; Gb yupíxa’ 'black’. Hill adds Ktn yupk ‘extinguish fire or~~
	~~lamp’. Note also Ktn yovo’k ‘dark, dirty, black’; Ktn yo’vok / yo’vïk ‘be dark/black’; Ktn yuvitïk ‘get dark’; and~~
	~~with p- prefix, Ktn p-yïvïk ‘dark colored, brown-gray’.~~
	~~Ls yúúpa ‘go out (fire), not burn’ vs. Ls yúúva ‘be dark’. At ‘night’, the forms of Azt *yo’wa ‘night’ may be~~
	~~cognate with these. [NUA: Tak; SUA: CrC]~~

	[[Category:English entries]]		[[Category:English entries]]

Magnus at 20:28, 9 June 2025

2025-06-09T20:28:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:28, 9 June 2025
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	The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal", most of them based on the Uto-Aztecan roots tu-, tuka (Stubbs 2011#240), and *yuppa (Stubbs 2011#241).		The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal", most of them based on the Uto-Aztecan roots ''tu''-, ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240), and *''yuppa'' (Stubbs 2011#241).

Magnus at 20:27, 9 June 2025

2025-06-09T20:27:44Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal".
+The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal", most of them based on the Uto-Aztecan roots *tu-, *tuka (Stubbs 2011#240), and *yuppa (Stubbs 2011#241).
 ==Proto-Corachol-Nahuan==
 For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:
-*tɨri
+:*''tɨri'' "charcoal"
-:Nahuatl: ''tli:lli'' "charcoal", ''tli:ltik'' "black", ''tekol/tikol'' "charcoal" < Pre-Nahua *tɨkwari "charcoal".
+::Nahuatl: ''tli:lli'' "charcoal", ''tli:ltik'' "black", ''tekol/tikol'' "charcoal" < Pre-Nahua *tɨkwari "charcoal".
-:Náayeri: ''tɨ'ɨskwá''"brasa, carbón" ([[McMahon, Ambrose & Maria Aiton de McMahon. 1959. Vocabulario Cora. México, D.F. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.|McMahon & McMahon 1959]]) < *''tɨɨri-kwa''
+::Náayeri: ''tɨ'ɨskwá''"brasa, carbón" ([[McMahon, Ambrose & Maria Aiton de McMahon. 1959. Vocabulario Cora. México, D.F. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.|McMahon & McMahon 1959]]) < *''tɨɨri-kwa''
-*tɨka
+:*''tɨka'' "darkness"
-:Nahuatl: ''tikatlan'' "midnight"
+::Nahuatl: ''tikatlan'' "midnight"
-:Wixárika: ''tɨkáari'' "night"
+::Wixárika: ''tɨkáari'' "night"
-:''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.|Muñiz 2024:97]])
+::Náayeri: ''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.|Muñiz 2024:97]])
-*yɨwɨ/*yɨwa < PSUA *yuwa
+:*''yɨwɨ''/*''yɨwa' < PSUA *''yuwa'' "dark, become dark"
-:Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < *''[[yɨwe]]'' "black"
+::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwe]]'' "black"
-:Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"
+::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"
 ==PSUA *tuka==
@@ Line 23: / Line 22: @@
 For his "Sonoran" group (Lionnet 1985#320) reconstructs *''tuku'' "apagarse" and *''tuka'' "noche, obscuridad"; based on Тepehuán ''tuká-gai''; Ópata ''tuk''-, Еudeve ''túku''-; Yaqui ''tuká-гiа'', Мayo ''tukáа-ri''; Warihío ''túka-wári'', Guarijío ''tugá-o'', Raramuri ''ruká-wari''; Tubar ''tukú-r'', "араgаdо ".
 [[Category:English entries]]

Magnus at 20:12, 9 June 2025

2025-06-09T20:12:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:12, 9 June 2025
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	The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal".		The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal".

	~~'''Nahuatl'''~~
	~~:''tikatlan'' "midnight"~~
	~~:''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < *''[[yɨwe]]'' "black"~~

	~~'''Wixárika'''~~		==Proto-Corachol-Nahuan==
	~~:''tɨkáari'' "night"~~
	~~:''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ~~-kɨ-~~ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"~~

	'''Náayeri'''		For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:
			*tɨri
			:Nahuatl: ''tli:lli'' "charcoal", ''tli:ltik'' "black", ''tekol/tikol'' "charcoal" < Pre-Nahua *tɨkwari "charcoal".
			:Náayeri: ''tɨ'ɨskwá''"brasa, carbón" ([[McMahon, Ambrose & Maria Aiton de McMahon. 1959. Vocabulario Cora. México, D.F. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.\|McMahon & McMahon 1959]]) < *''tɨɨri-kwa''

			*tɨka
			:Nahuatl: ''tikatlan'' "midnight"
			:Wixárika: ''tɨkáari'' "night"
	:''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.\|Muñiz 2024:97]])		:''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.\|Muñiz 2024:97]])

			yɨwɨ/yɨwa < PSUA *yuwa
			:Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < *''[[yɨwe]]'' "black"
			:Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"

			==PSUA *tuka==
	For proto-Tepiman (Bascom 1965#231) reconstructs *''tuʔkaga-i'' "darkness, night", based on Northern Tepehuán ''tukagi'' and Southern Tepehuán ''tuʔkaaʔ''.		For proto-Tepiman (Bascom 1965#231) reconstructs *''tuʔkaga-i'' "darkness, night", based on Northern Tepehuán ''tukagi'' and Southern Tepehuán ''tuʔkaaʔ''.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:32, 9 June 2025
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	The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal", most of them based on the Uto-Aztecan roots ''tu''-, ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240), and *''yuppa'' (Stubbs 2011#241).		The Southern-Uto-Aztecan words for "'''night'''" are part of a family of etyma referring to "darkness", "blackness", and "charcoal", most of them based on the Uto-Aztecan roots ''tu''-, ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240), and *''yuppa'' (Stubbs 2011#241).


	==Proto-Corachol-Nahuan==		==Proto-Corachol-Nahuan==
	For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:		For Proto-Corachol-Nahuan we can reconstruct:
	:*''tɨri'' "charcoal"		:''tɨri'' "charcoal" < ''tuu'' (Stubbs 2011#240c)
	::Nahuatl: ''tli:lli'' "charcoal", ''tli:ltik'' "black", ''tekol/tikol'' "charcoal" < Pre-Nahua *tɨkwari "charcoal".		::Nahuatl: ''tli:lli'' "charcoal", ''tli:ltik'' "black", ''tekol/tikol'' "charcoal" < Pre-Nahua *tɨkwari "charcoal".
	::Náayeri: ''tɨ'ɨskwá''"brasa, carbón" ([[McMahon, Ambrose & Maria Aiton de McMahon. 1959. Vocabulario Cora. México, D.F. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.\|McMahon & McMahon 1959]]) < *''tɨɨri-kwa''		::Náayeri: ''tɨ'ɨskwá''"brasa, carbón" ([[McMahon, Ambrose & Maria Aiton de McMahon. 1959. Vocabulario Cora. México, D.F. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.\|McMahon & McMahon 1959]]) < *''tɨɨri-kwa''

	:*''tɨka'' "darkness"		:''tɨka'' "darkness" < PUA ''tuka'' (Stubbs 2011#240a)
	::Nahuatl: ''tikatlan'' "midnight"		::Nahuatl: ''tikatlan'' "midnight"
	::Wixárika: ''tɨkáari'' "night"		::Wixárika: ''tɨkáari'' "night"
	::Náayeri: ''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.\|Muñiz 2024:97]])		::Náayeri: ''tɨ́ka'a''. 1. En la noche; 2. Obscuridad. ([[Muñíz López, Pedro. 2024. Xàjta'me: Náayeri Nyuukari. Mexico.\|Muñiz 2024:97]])

	:''yɨwɨ''/''yɨwa'' < PSUA *''yuwa'' "dark, become dark"		:''yɨwɨ''/''yɨwa'' < PSUA ''yuwa'' "dark, become dark" < PUA ''yuppa'' (Stubbs 2011#242)
	::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwɨ]]'' "black"		::Nahuatl: ''yo:wa-l, yo:wa-k'' < PCN *''[[yɨwɨ]]'' "black"
	::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"		::Wixárika: ''yɨwikɨta'' /yɨwɨ-kɨ-ta/ /dark-instr-loc/ "at night, in the dark"

Night - Revision history

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

Magnus: /* PSUA *tuka */

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

Magnus at 20:32, 9 June 2025

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

Magnus: /* Proto-Corachol-Nahuan */

Magnus: /* PSUA *tuka */

Magnus at 20:28, 9 June 2025

Magnus at 20:27, 9 June 2025

Magnus at 20:12, 9 June 2025

Magnus: /* PSUA tuka /

Magnus: /* PSUA tuka /